Frequency of Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus among Patients with Acute Diarrhea by Chromatographic Immunoassay and Enzyme

Abstract

Diarrhea is a major cause of illness and death in children worldwide; however, little information exists about the origin of childhood diarrhea in Iraq. Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus are the major causes of sever gastroenteritis in infant and young children, pattern also observed in adult. Confirmation of viral infection by laboratory testing is necessary for reliable surveillance and can be useful in clinical settings to avoid inappropriate use of antimicrobial therapy. Methods: A total of 188 patients their age range from 1-19 (Mean=5.57 ± S.D. = 4.81) years old suffering from diarrhea were included in this study. Stool samples were collected and tested for Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus antigens by using the rapid chromatographic test and for Rotavirus and Adenovirus Antigens, ELISA also was done. Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus antigens were determined by rapid chromatographic immunoassay in 27 specimens (14.36%), 0 (0%) and 0 (0%) of 188 frozen stool specimens, respectively. Moreover, of these 188 specimens, Rotavirus was found in 35 specimens (18.62%) and Adenovirus in 6 specimens (3.19 %) by using ELISA technique. The present results revealed that Rotaviruses and Adenoviruses have an important role in diarrhea among children especially those less than 5 year’s old and viral pathogens should be investigated routinely in diarrhea stool specimens. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus in patients with acute gastroenteritis admitted to Al-Emamain Al-Kadhemain Medical City Hospital in Baghdad-Iraq.