Incidence and Antibiotics Sensitivity of Multidrug-Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Burn’s Patients and Environmental Samples fromThree Hospitals in Baghdad

Abstract

Two hundred swab samples were collected from burn patients and burn units for the period, beginning
from August 2012 to the end of April 2013 from a number of hospitals in Baghdad governorate
including: Al-Kindi General Teaching Hospital, Al-Yarmuk General Teaching Hospital and Al-Imam Ali
Hospital. The collected samples were cultured on different media and tested biochemically in order to find
out the profile of bacteria that colonize burn patients wounds and environment of burn units. The results
of bacterial culturing revealed that out of 200 samples, 105 samples 52.5% were observed to have
bacterial growth (positive samples), while negative samples represented 95(47.5%). The profile of the
bacteria in the cultured samples revealed: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 40.95% was the most common isolate
followed by Staphylococcus aureus 20.0%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 17.1%, Escherichia coli 8.5%,
Pseudomonas putida 4.76%, Enterobacter aerogenes 3.80%, Acinetobacter baumannii 2.85% and
Proteus mirabilis 1.90%. Forty three P. aeruginosa isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. The
results showed most isolates were potentially resistant to different antibiotics as follow, all isolates 100%
had resistance to Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, and Chloramphenicol, and showed high resistance to
Tobramycin 95.3%, Gentamicin 93.0%, Ceftazidime 88.3%, Cefotaxime 86.0%, Piperacillin 83.7% and
Amikacin 79.0%, beside illustrating low resistance to Aztreonam 67.4%, Ciprofloxacin 46.5%, and
Imipenem 13.9% among these antibiotics, Imipenem was the most effective antibiotic because 86.0% of
the isolates appeared to be high sensitive to it.