Effect of Mechanical Scarification, Gibberellic Acid and Chilling on Germination of Local Orange Seeds Citrus sinensis L.

Abstract

The study was implemented at private nurseries in the Najaf province during 2014 spring season. The aim of this study was to use various treatments to mechanical scarification, gibberellic acid and chilling on orange seed germination. Results showed that various treatments scarification, GA3 and chilling each alone or combinations were effective on germination improvement if compared with control treatment. The treatment GA3 500+scarification +chilling 48 was unique and signification in seed germination percentage and fast seed germination for five periods 40.50.60.70.and 80 days after culture if compared with other treatment. Most of the three combinations treatments were highly significant on germinate rate index coefficient of velocity of germination, means germination time, length and diameter of seedling, fresh and dry weight, dry matter percentage. The GA3500 + scarification + chilling 48 treatment was high significant in root length reach 24.51mm, while GA3 500 + scarification treatment was high   significant in diameter root reach 3.610 mm, as GA3 250 + scarification treatment was high significant on fresh weight of root reach 0.4638mg, while GA3 500 + chilling 36 was superior and unique in dry weight and dry matter percentage of root reach 0.3181mg and 80.2% respectively.