Propagation of Chia Plants Using Plant Tissue Culture Technique

Abstract

Back Ground: The plant tissue culture technique is one of the biotechnologies that means
isolating a plant cell, tissue or organ, sterilizing it and cultivating it on sterile artificial food
media under conditions completely free of pathogens, and then the transplanted part develops
into a complete plant similar to the original from which it was taken. Under controlled
environmental conditions of temperature, humidity and lighting, as defined by others as sterile
cultivation of cells, tissues, organs and their components under certain chemical and physical
conditions in vitro.
Objectives: This study aimed to propagate the medicinal chia plant using the technique of
plant tissue culture.
Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory
of the College of Agriculture, Anbar University. Sterilized chia seeds were sown on the MS
nutrient medium equipped with the GA3 growth regulator for the purpose of obtaining
vegetative growths in the cultivation tubes, at the rate of one seed per vial, using tweezers
previously sterilized with alcohol and flame. After obtaining the required growths, the stem
nodes were cut into pieces 1 cm long and planted on MS medium prepared with different
concentrations of BA (0.5, 1, 2, 3) mg L -1 . And by interfering with NAA (0.1, 0.2, 0.3) mg L -1
with the aim of the emergence and multiplication of vegetative branches within a factorial
experiment with two factors (4 × 4) with 10 replications for each treatment. 16 hours and 8
hours dark. In the rooting experiment, different concentrations of IBA (0, 1, 2) mg L -1 were
used, interfering with BR (0, 0.1, 0.2) mg L -1 , and measurements were taken after one month.

Results: It was observed through the obtained results that there were significant differences
between the different concentrations of growth regulators used in the experiment in the
multiplication and rooting of the branches.
Conclusions: Regarding the doubling stage, there is an increase in the number of branches as
the concentration of the growth regulator BA increases. For rooting, the growth regulator
brassinosteroids outperformed auxin indole butyric acid in root lengths and numbers.
Keywords: Chia Plants, Gibberellin hormone, Leaves, Stem Nodes, Tissue Culture Technique